All About Leadres of Pakistan
Quaid -e- Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah:-
Baba-e Qaum, Quaid-e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah was born in Karachi on December the 25th, 1876, in a
building known as Wazir Mansion. He got his early education at Karachi and Bombay. He did his barristery
from England. He saw the name of Hazrat Muhammad(PBUH) on the top of the gate of Lincoln's Inn. So he
decided to study there. After his return, Jinah started his practice in barristery. He joined All India National
Congress in 1906. He attended for the first time a meeting of All India Muslim League in 1912. Later he
Joined All India Muslim League in 1913. The third political party he joined was the Home Rule League. He
was member of both the Congress and Muslim League at the same time. Initially he remained working with
the Hindu leaders of Congress. He was given the title of "Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity" by prominent
politicians. With the passage of time he realised that the Hindu leaders of Congress have a different agenda.
He left Congress and became fully involved with Muslim League.
Jinah was a man of principles. He was probably the only person among all the big leaders of the
subcontinent, who never went to jail. His motto was: Unity, Faith and Discipline.When Muslim League finally
decided to have a separate country for Muslims of the subcontinent, it was the leadership of Jinah which led
the nation to achieve this goal. Because of these leadership qualities and his firm stand on the issue,
Britishers found no way to reject the demand of Muslims of the subcontinent for a separate homeland. He
took charge as the first Governor General of Pakistan on 14th of August 1947 in a ceremony at Karachi. India
never took risk of invading Hyderabad or Junagarh in his life. Jinah died on September the 11th, 1948, at
Ziarat near Quetta. He was buried in Karachi. His tomb is a beautiful piece of architecture and is worth
visiting.
Liaquat Ali Khan:-
Liaquat Ali Khan (1895-1951), Pakistani politician and first prime minister of Pakistan after independence.
Born into a wealthy family in 1895, Liaquat Ali Khan was educated at the MAO College, and also studied at
Allahabad and Oxford universities before becoming a barrister in London in 1922. In 1923 he returned to India
and joined the All-India Muslim League, which became the main political party representing Muslims in India
before independence. From 1926 to 1940 Liaquat held a variety of positions in local politics, working closely
with Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the leader of the League. He helped persuade Jinnah to return to India from
London in 1933 and was acknowledged as Jinnah's "right hand" from 1943. From 1940 onwards he worked
to popularize the "Pakistan Resolution" around India and to build support for an independent Pakistan,
separate from India. He was closely involved in the negotiations over the form of independence to be granted
to India after World War II and was finance minister in the Interim Government of 1946-1947. Liaquat was the
obvious choice to become prime minister of independent Pakistan in 1947 and became the country's senior
leader after Jinnah's death in 1948. His period in office was marked by difficult relations with India, following
the Indo-Pakistan War of 1947-1948, but also did much to define and consolidate the new state both
internationally and domestically. It was Liaquat who drafted the "Objectives Resolution" of 1949 that charted a
course for the country. He did not, however, go far enough in satisfying religious extremists who wanted to
base laws on the Koran and was assassinated in 1951, in circumstances which are still obscure.
Choudhary Rehmat Ali:-
3rd Feb, 1999 marked 48 years since the death of one of the leastknown Muslim intellectuals of the past
century, namely CHOUDHARY RAHMAT ALI. (16 Nov 1897 - 3 Feb 1951).
In the years preceding the end of direct colonial rule in South Asia, CHOUDHARY RAHMAT ALI was
virtually alone in proposing a future for the region and its people, based on historical facts and Islamic
principles as opposed to imperial and nationalistic views. Ch. Rahamat Ali argued that since South Asia
came under colonial rule many distortion, lies and myths have been perpetrated about what is called
`India'. The main falsehoods are:
1. India has existed from the beginning of time as a UNITARY state. NOT TRUE - it only became a unitary state under the British Empire.
Prior to British rule, no-one ever had full control of the Continent - not even Alexander of Macedonia, nor the Muslims including the
Afghans and Mughals, etc. This is confirmed by the Eleventh Edition of Encyclopedia Britannica (Volume 14) (HUS to ITA) (page 375)
which states "the natives of (British) India can scarcely be said to have a word of their own by which to express their `common' country."
Thus, 'India' became the arbitrary name of the British Empire in South Asia. In any case readers should consult maps showing Borders
of all empires between the Arabian Peninsula and `India' from 1500BC onwards. Words can be written to mislead but rarely maps.
2. India is a country or a subcontinent. NOT TRUE - both geographically and historically, India (Dinia to be more accurate) is a
CONTINENT having seas and mountains that are more stupendous than those of other continents and consisting of nations, tribes,
civilisations, languages more diverse than even the continent of Europe.
3. Pakistan was a territory carved OUT of India. NOT TRUE - most of present day Pakistan did not even form part of 'India' until Britain
seized the territory and made it an administrative region of their British Indian Empire. In doing so, they 'Indianised' the Muslim
population, making them a MINORITY of the British Indian Raj. Moreover, much of Northern and Central Dinia were dependencies of the
Islamic Pak Nation - that is the Muslim territory that was once the UNDIVIDED EASTERN FLANK to the heartland of Islam which included
Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia.
4. The events of 1947 are described as 'Partition'. NOT TRUE - the original aim was INDEPENDENCE from Imperialism,
Indianism, Indian Federation and Hindoo Nationalism and reversion to the original Fatherland and Federation with ancestral
homelands from where Islam first came into India, that is, from the Arabian peninsula, through to: Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia.
5. Muslims were a minority in India. NOT TRUE - for over a thousand years, Muslims from the Pak Empire [that includes Iran,
Afghanistan, Central Asia and present day Pakistan] had ruled parts of the Continent of India. Those areas in 'India' that came under
Muslim control were considered as Dependencies of the Pak Empire. A comparable example is the Ottoman Empire - where the
Turk Nation is Turkey and its dependencies were Yugoslavia, Romania, Greece, etc. Similarly, the British Empire no longer exists
but the British Nation still does. EMPIRES are short-lived but not NATIONS!
It should now be apparent that the history of South Asia has been told from an INDIAN bias by the former colonial power, and not from
the Pak or Islamic perspective (see how Islam progressed from the Arabian Peninsula eastwards and the Islamic homelands that
were built on the eastern flank of the heartland of Islam).
Ch. Rahmat Ali saw the dangers of these falsehoods to the Muslims of South Asia and surrounding territory and to address these
dangers, he developed the name and concept of P.A.K.I.S.T.A.N. (not to be confused with the present day entity which he called Pastan).
In 1933, he published a 392-page book called `P.A.K.I.S.T.A.N., THE FATHERLAND OF PAK NATION', in which he proposed an Islamic
federation of all contiguous Islamic territory that lay on the eastern flank of the heartland of Islam.
On pages 223-224, he provided a detailed explanation for the name:
P - Punjab. C.R. Ali asked for territory proportionate to the Muslim population.
A - Afghania. The real name of the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) is Afghania. NWFP is a gross distortion because it is the
British designation for the North western region of their Indian empire that no longer exists. Also, NWFP is not a Frontier as far as the
indigenous population, the Pashtoons are concerned. How an earth can one have a frontier between the same people with one-half
living in Afghanistan and the other half in Afghania ?
K - Kashmir
I - Iran. When Alexander of Macdeonia attacked the Persian Empire, he invaded up to the area of what is today Pakistan, because in
ancient times, Pakistan was part of Ancient Persia. He did not attack India proper because he was not at war with India - only Persia!
Until 100 years ago, Farsi was the language of the educated. Many poems by poet-philosopher, Mohammad Iqbal are in Farsi.
S - Sindh
T - Tukharistan. This name is not used anymore but the area exists as Turkmenistan and parts of the other contiguous Central Asian
states.
A - Afghanistan
N - BalochistaN - the other half of Balochistan is in south-east Iran! Balochistan makes up 44% of the landmass of today's Pakistan
(Pastan)
More than half of present day Pakistan (Pastan), in particular Afghania, Balochistan, Rojhan in Sindh and Dera Ismail and Dera Ghazi
Khan in Punjab were hardly ever part of India until the British seized the territory and incorporated it as part of the British Indian Raj.
Those Paks living in Afghania and Balochistan e.g. Pashtoons, Balochs, Farsi speakers, etc have never regarded themselves as
'Indian', though they may have been unwilling subjects of the Crown Colony of British India.
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